Catechetical Reflections: Public Worship and Christian Offerings for the Poor

Too often it is not only easy, but also popular to critique what is wrong within the broad scope of American Evangelicalism. It is also common to create caricatures to serve the purposes of one’s own agenda. I hope to do neither. I do, however, have a reflection that I would like to present for your consideration.

As I was reading through this week’s questions and answers from the Heidelberg Catechism I was struck by the final mark of the public assembly of God’s people. The list is as follows: “to learn what God’s Word teaches, to participate in the sacraments, to pray to God publicly, and to bring Christian offerings for the poor.”

I am not sure if I was more alarmed by the answer or alarmed by the fact that I was alarmed to begin with. Offerings for the poor should not be a foreign concept to Christian churches. Yet, how often do we hear a call for offerings for the poor? We hear about offerings for budgets, buildings, and ministry expenses. Have we made the primary matter a secondary one?

I am not one opposed to the institutionalized church. Quite contrary, I am in favor of the institutionalized church. However, as I reflect upon this answer, I can’t help but wonder if we haven’t imbibed our cultural ideals and values more than we realize or care to admit. Instead of adopting the common mantra, “Bigger is better,” perhaps we should give an audience to another popular catch phrase and “put your money where your mouth is.”

I do not say this to criticize so many churches who are week in and week out faithfully preaching the gospel. I am not trying to be rude or controversial. I do believe though, that it is a good practice to allow for some honest introspection as to “why” do the things we do. What ideas and beliefs have influenced our practice? To often we our blind to our own cultural bent.

Again, for you consideration.

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 38

Q 103. What is God’s will for you
in the fourth commandment?

A. First,
that the gospel ministry and education for it be maintained,^1
and that, especially on the festive day of rest,
I regularly attend the assembly of God’s people^2
to learn what God’s Word teaches,^3
to participate in the sacraments,^4
to pray to God publicly,^5
and to bring Christian offerings for the poor.^6

Second,
that every day of my life
I rest from my evil ways,
let the Lord work in me through his Spirit,
and so begin already in this life
the eternal Sabbath.^7

^1 Deut. 6:4-9, 20-25; 1 Cor. 9:13-14; 2 Tim. 2:2; 3:13-17; Tit. 1:5
^2 Deut. 12:5-12; Ps. 40:9-10; 68:26; Acts 2:42-47; Heb. 10:23-25
^3 Rom. 10:14-17; 1 Cor. 14:31-32; 1 Tim. 4:13
^4 1 Cor. 11:23-25
^5 Col. 3:16; 1 Tim. 2:1
^6 Ps. 50:14; 1 Cor. 16:2; 2 Cor. 8 & 9
^7 Isa. 66:23; Heb. 4:9-11

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_commandments.cfm#Day 38

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 35

Q 96. What is God’s will for us
in the second commandment?

A. That we in no way make any image of God^1
nor worship him in any other way
than he has commanded in his Word.^2

^1 Deut. 4:15-19; Isa. 40:18-25; Acts 17:29; Rom. 1:22-23
^2 Lev. 10:1-7; 1 Sam. 15:22-23; John 4:23-24

Q 97. May we then not make
any image at all?

A. God can not and may not
be visibly portrayed in any way.

Although creatures may be portrayed,
yet God forbids making or having such images
if one’s intention is to worship them
or to serve God through them.^1

^1 Ex. 34:13-14, 17; 2 Kings 18:4-5

Q 98. But may not images be permitted in the churches
as teaching aids for the unlearned?

A. No, we shouldn’t try to be wiser than God.
He wants his people instructed
by the living preaching of his Word—^1
not by idols that cannot even talk.^2

^1 Rom. 10:14-15, 17; 2 Tim. 3:16-17; 2 Pet. 1:19
^2 Jer. 10:8; Hab. 2:18-20

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_commandments.cfm#Day 35

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 34

Q 92. What does the Lord say in his law?

A. God spoke all these words:

“The First Commandment”
I am the Lord your God,
who brought you out of Egypt,
out of the land of slavery.
You shall have no other gods before me.

“The Second Commandment”
You shall not make for yourself an idol
in the form of anything in heaven above
or on the earth beneath
or in the waters below.
You shall not bow down to them or worship them;
for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God,
punishing the children for the sin of the fathers
to the third and fourth generation
of those who hate me,
but showing love to a thousand generations of those
who love me and keep my commandments.

“The Third Commandment”
You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God,
for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless
who misuses his name.

“The Fourth Commandment”
Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy.
Six days you shall labor and do all your work,
but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God.
On it you shall not do any work,
neither you, nor your son or daughter,
nor your manservant or maidservant,
nor your animals,
nor the alien within your gates.
For in six days the Lord made
the heavens and the earth, the sea,
and all that is in them,
but he rested on the seventh day.
Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day
and made it holy.

“The Fifth Commandment”
Honor your father and your mother,
so that you may live long
in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

“The Sixth Commandment”
You shall not murder.

“The Seventh Commandment”
You shall not commit adultery.

“The Eighth Commandment”
You shall not steal.

“The Ninth Commandment”
You shall not give false testimony
against your neighbor.

“The Tenth Commandment”
You shall not covet your neighbor’s house.
You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife,
or his manservant or maidservant,
his ox or donkey,
or anything that belongs to your neighbor.^1

^1 Ex. 20:1-17; Deut. 5:6-21

Q 93. How are these commandments divided?

A. Into two tables.
The first has four commandments,
teaching us what our relation to God should be.
The second has six commandments,
teaching us what we owe our neighbor.^1

^1 Matt. 22:37-39

Q 94. What does the Lord require
in the first commandment?

A. That I, not wanting to endanger my very salvation,
avoid and shun
all idolatry,^1 magic, superstitious rites,^2
and prayer to saints or to other creatures.^3

That I sincerely acknowledge the only true God,^4
trust him alone,^5
look to him for every good thing^6
humbly^7 and patiently,^8
love him,^9 fear him,^10 and honor him^11
with all my heart.

In short,
that I give up anything
rather than go against his will in any way.^12

^1 1 Cor. 6:9-10; 10:5-14; 1 John 5:21
^2 Lev. 19:31; Deut. 18:9-12
^3 Matt. 4:10; Rev. 19:10; 22:8-9
^4 John 17:3
^5 Jer. 17:5, 7
^6 Ps. 104:27-28; James 1:17
^7 1 Pet. 5:5-6
^8 Col. 1:11; Heb. 10:36
^9 Matt. 22:37 (Deut. 6:5)
^10 Prov. 9:10; 1 Pet. 1:17
^11 Matt. 4:10 (Deut. 6:13)
^12 Matt. 5:29-30; 10:37-39

Q 95. What is idolatry?

A. Idolatry is
having or inventing something in which one trusts
in place of or alongside of the only true God,
who has revealed himself in his Word.^1

^1 1 Chron. 16:26; Gal. 4:8-9; Eph. 5:5; Phil. 3:19

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_commandments.cfm#Day 34

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 33

Q 88. What is involved
in genuine repentance or conversion?

A. Two things:
the dying-away of the old self,
and the coming-to-life of the new.^1

^1 Rom. 6:1-11; 2 Cor. 5:17; Eph. 4:22-24; Col. 3:5-10

Q 89. What is the dying-away of the old self?

A. It is to be genuinely sorry for sin,
to hate it more and more,
and to run away from it.^1

^1 Ps. 51:3-4, 17; Joel 2:12-13; Rom. 8:12-13; 2 Cor. 7:10

Q 90. What is the coming-to-life of the new self?

A. It is wholehearted joy in God through Christ^1
and a delight to do every kind of good
as God wants us to.^2

^1 Ps. 51:8, 12; Isa.57:15; Rom. 5:1; 14:17
^2 Rom. 6:10-11; Gal. 2:20

Q 91. What do we do that is good?

A. Only that which
arises out of true faith,^1
conforms to God’s law,^2
and is done for his glory;^3
and not that which is based
on what we think is right
or on established human tradition.^4

^1 John 15:5; Heb. 11:6
^2 Lev. 18:4; 1 Sam. 15:22; Eph. 2:10
^3 1 Cor. 10:31
^4 Deut. 12:32; Isa. 29:13; Ezek. 20:18-19; Matt. 15:7-9

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_gratitude.cfm#Day 33

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 32

Q. 86 We have been delivered
from our misery
by God’s grace alone through Christ
and not because we have earned it:
why then must we still do good?

A. To be sure, Christ has redeemed us by his blood.
But we do good because
Christ by his Spirit is also renewing us to be like himself,
so that in all our living
we may show that we are thankful to God
for all he has done for us,^1
and so that he may be praised through us.^2

And we do good
so that we may be assured of our faith by its fruits,^3
and so that by our godly living
our neighbors may be won over to Christ.^4

^1 Rom. 6:13; 12:1-2; 1 Pet. 2:5-10
^2 Matt. 5:16; 1 Cor. 6:19-20
^3 Matt. 7:17-18; Gal. 5:22-24; 2 Pet. 1:10-11
^4 Matt. 5:14-16; Rom. 14:17-19; 1 Pet. 2:12; 3:1-2

Q. 87 Can those be saved
who do not turn to God
from their ungrateful
and impenitent ways?

A. By no means.
Scripture tells us that
no unchaste person,
no idolater, adulterer, thief,
no covetous person,
no drunkard, slanderer, robber,
or the like
is going to inherit the kingdom of God.^1

^1 1 Cor. 6:9-10; Gal. 5:19-21; Eph. 5:1-20; 1 John 3:14

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_gratitude.cfm#Day 32

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 22

Q 57. How does “the resurrection of the body”
comfort you?

A. Not only my soul
will be taken immediately after this life
to Christ its head,^1
but even my very flesh, raised by the power of Christ,
will be reunited with my soul
and made like Christ’s glorious* body.^2

^1 Luke 23:43; Phil. 1:21-23
^2 1 Cor. 15:20, 42-46, 54; Phil. 3:21; 1 John 3:2

Q 58. How does the article
concerning “life everlasting”
comfort you?

A. Even as I already now
experience in my heart
the beginning of eternal joy,^1
so after this life I will have
perfect blessedness such as
no eye has seen,
no ear has heard,
no human heart has ever imagined:
a blessedness in which to praise God eternally.^2

^1 Rom. 14:17
^2 John 17:3; 1 Cor. 2:9

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_spirit.cfm#Day 22

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 13

Q. 33. Why is he called God’s “only Son”
when we also are God’s children?

A. Because Christ alone is the eternal, natural Son of God.
We, however, are adopted children of God—
adopted by grace through Christ.

Q. 34. Why do you call him “our Lord”?

A. Because—
not with gold or silver,
but with his precious blood—
he has set us free
from sin and from the tyranny of the devil,
and has bought us,
body and soul,
to be his very own.

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_son.cfm#Day 13

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 49

Q. 124. What does the third request mean?

A. “Your will be done on earth as it is in heaven” means,

Help us and all people
to reject our own wills
and to obey your will without any back talk.
Your will alone is good.

Help us one and all to carry out the work we are called to,
as willingly and faithfully as the angels in heaven.

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_prayer.cfm#Day 49

The Heidelberg: Lord’s Day 48

Q. 123. What does the second request mean?

A. “Your kingdom come” means,
Rule us by your Word and Spirit in such a way
that more and more we submit to you.

Keep your church strong, and add to it.

Destroy the devil’s work;
destroy every force which revolts against you
and every conspiracy against your Word.

Do this until your kingdom is so complete and perfect
that in it you are
all in all.

http://www.crcna.org/pages/heidelberg_prayer.cfm#Day 48

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